1. Control
The speed and strength of the hydraulic excavator can be controlled by the operating handle during operation. When the stroke of the operating handle is small, the excavator's movement is relatively slow and the strength is relatively small. When the stroke of the operating handle is large, the excavator's movement is relatively fast and the strength is relatively large. Therefore, controlling the stroke of the operating handle can control the speed and strength of the excavator. Controlling the stroke of the operating handle is what we often call the driving feel, which is the most basic skill that must be mastered in excavator driving. When working, it is best not to directly and quickly stroke the handle to the maximum, so that the excavator's movement will suddenly accelerate and cause violent twisting of the excavator. This is also a problem that many novices often encounter. When operating, you should first transition from a small stroke of the operating handle to a large stroke, and there should be a small buffer in the middle, so that the excavator will move smoothly and steadily when working. 

2. Digging
Digging is the most important work of the excavator. There are also many skills when driving an excavator to dig, which can directly affect the efficiency of the work. There is a trick when digging. Generally, the bucket cylinder is the main one, and the boom cylinder is the auxiliary one. The angle of the bucket teeth should be adjusted according to the travel trajectory of the bucket. The bucket teeth must be "inserted" into the soil like a knife cutting vegetables, not "slapped" into the soil. The bucket teeth must be "inserted" into the soil like a knife cutting vegetables, not "slapped" into the soil.
When inserted to a certain depth, the bucket is hooked and the arm is lifted. It is a perfect digging action.

If you are digging along the edge of the soil and the soil is relatively hard, it is best to use only two or three bucket teeth to cut the soil first, and then dig it up together.
When loading or other operations that require efficiency, dig each bucket of soil and dig another bucket. After lifting the bucket, try to stop all other actions and only do the rotation action alone. In this way, the rotation speed will be the fastest. When digging and rotating, the bucket is not horizontal, but slightly open, so that the soil will not be thrown out from behind the bucket due to inertia, and the bucket will open faster when unloading the soil. When digging and rotating, the bucket is not horizontal, but slightly open.

When unloading soil, you must not rely on the action of opening the bucket to pour out the soil. Instead, while opening the bucket, use the stick to instantly retract and then open it to throw the soil out. This is faster!

3. Leveling
The process of leveling the ground by an excavator is similar to the process of a triangle changing. The three sides of this triangle are the boom, the stick and the ground.
When the excavator is leveling the ground, there is a trigonometric function relationship between the operation of the boom and the stick. In other words, the length of the stick cylinder extension needs to correspond to a value of the boom cylinder extension or retraction in order to control the bucket to maintain linear motion and trim the ground. This control of the stick and the boom when leveling the ground requires long-term training to be proficient. This is also the most important and basic action of the excavator, and it is the basis of other actions.

It is worth noting that in daily work, leveling the ground by an excavator is a task that requires careful observation and patient operation. The observation of the front, back, left, right, and high and low of the ground and the comparison of reference objects need to be accurately judged, which requires a long period of work experience accumulation.

If there is only a small amount of loose soil and rocks on the ground, it needs to be leveled. The driver often uses the excavator to rotate to "sweep" the soil and rocks away. It should be noted that the rotation force is relatively small. When encountering hard soil or a lot of soil, it is impossible to "sweep". Therefore, various operation methods should be used reasonably according to different situations.

4. Trench digging
The excavator trench digging operation seems very simple, but it actually requires a high level of technology to dig a trench well. There are two basic requirements for trench digging, one is "straight" and the other is "smooth". "Straight" means that the route of the trench is dug correctly according to the specified requirements. Generally, the construction site will draw the route of the trench on the ground with white lime. If there is no line, only a few points. Then use the crawler to walk between a few points first, and the crawler marks left can play the role of lime lines, just be careful not to press down the points. The center of the excavator is aligned with the lime line, and the middle bucket teeth of the bucket are aligned with the lime line for excavation, and the route of the ditch will not be wrong!

"Smooth" means that the bottom of the ditch should be smooth and the slope should be controlled as required. Many drivers cannot see the height of the bottom of the ditch, so they should get off the car to observe more or ask the construction workers to measure it with instruments. When the ditch reaches a certain depth, slopes should be dug on both sides of the ditch to prevent collapse. This slope edge is generally pinned out with the side blades on both sides of the bucket!

There is a special situation that a ditch must be close to a building. If the excavator is close to the building, there is no range for the tail to rotate. When rotating, the tail of the excavator can easily hit the building. If it is farther away, the excavation direction of the excavator bucket will be at an angle to the direction of the ditch.

In fact, many times, there is no space for the rotation range of the excavator's tail due to site reasons, so many operations cannot be completed by the excavator! In this case, when digging a ditch close to a building, if the ditch to be dug is not very deep. You can put the excavator in a position closest to the building and larger than the tail rotation range. Although there will be an angle between the excavation direction of the bucket and the direction of the ditch, when digging the ditch, you can only locate the direction of the ditch through one side line of the ditch, and then try to control the width of the ditch.

The method to determine the distance between the tail and the building during rotation is: stick your head out of the cab and look at the left tail D of the excavator. The excavator rotates slowly from left to right. You can directly see the distance between the left tail of the excavator and the building. After confirming that there will be no collision, it means that the right tail E that cannot be seen when turning from right to left will not collide with the building!

5. Slope brushing
Parallel brushing means that the excavator advances and retreats parallel to the slope, which is mainly completed by the side teeth and side cutters in conjunction with the rotation action. What needs to be paid attention to is the control of the line shape and slope. (Line shape: The place where there is no line is mainly controlled based on the judgment of the line of sight. When digging, the upper line excavation adopts the alternating method of in and out to control the generation of the straight line; slope control: The slope excavation without the middle slope line mainly adopts the arc method and the oblique line method to control the generation of the slope) It is more used in road construction.

Direct brushing means that the upper body of the excavator is at 90 degrees to the slope surface and the entire bucket is used for excavation. After the front excavation is completed, the excavator is moved to repeat the same action. This method is mainly used for shaping the slope surface. (This method can be used for slope closing) Operation control skills: Side brushing mainly uses the compound operation of pressing the big arm down and retracting the small arm to close the rotation. The bucket is only used for partial flattening of the slope surface. Direct brushing is mainly completed by pressing the big arm and retracting the small arm. The bucket is only adjusted according to the slope.